鸡贫血因子病的血液病理学变化

本实验用鸡贫血病毒感染１日龄健康ＡＡ雏鸡，以未感染雏鸡为对照，在感染后７、１４、２８、３５、４２日龄检测其外周血液各种血细胞数量，血红蛋白含量，红细胞压积，红细胞平均体积，红细胞平均血红蛋白量、红细胞平均血红蛋白浓度；骨髓红系祖细胞、粒单系祖细胞（ＣＵＦ－ＧＭ）、基质成纤维祖细胞（ＣＦＵ－Ｆ）的增殖功能；血清因子和胞腺集落刺激因子（ＣＳＦ）对造血祖细胞增殖功能的影响；骨髓造血细胞分化功能；骨髓造血     

肉鸡肌纤维与肉质关系研究

选用地方鸡种白耳鸡、泰和鸡、黄羽肉鸡康达尔 12 8cs、石岐杂鸡、快长肉鸡AA鸡cs、蛋用鸡罗曼褐cs和矮脚黄鸡 7个鸡种 (系 ) ,在同样条件下饲养到 13周龄进行品味、肌纤维等性状测定。结果表明 ,地方鸡种白耳鸡、矮脚黄鸡肉质最好 ,石岐杂鸡、康达尔黄鸡 12 8cs次之 ;罗曼褐cs、AA鸡cs、泰和鸡肉质较差。白肌纤维直径大于红肌纤维和中间型纤维直径 ,其所占比例与肉质呈负相关 ,白肌纤维比例愈高 ,肉质愈差。肌纤维直径与鸡的体重大小没有关系。肌纤维密度和直径共同影响肌肉的蛋白质含量 ,且与肉质呈负相关     

干扰素-τ(IFN-τ)的分子结构和妊娠识别机理

在反刍动物的整个妊娠失败中，早期胚胎死亡占有很大的比例，它在很大程度上是由母体妊娠识别失败造成的IFN-τ（干扰素-τ）是由反刍动物孕体附植时发出的特有的妊娠识别信号，它是建立母体妊娠识别的一种主要因子，本文阐述了IFN-τ的分子结构及其最新研究进展，即IFN-τ和PGF2α，UCRP，OTR，GM-CSF的互作机理。     

北京油鸡及其开发利用

本文简要介绍了北京油鸡的起源、分布及选育情况，重点描述了该品种的外貌特征、生产性能和利用现状，同时，提出了北京油鸡的开发利用思路。     

Determination of the oxidative burst chemiluminescent response of avian and murine-derived macrophages versus corresponding cell lines in relation to stimulation with Salmonella serotypes.

In contrast to mammalian systems, avian species lack a resident or harvestable macrophage population in the abdominal exudate. Peritoneal macrophages in the chicken can be elicited if an inflammatory agent such as sephadex is injected. This study examines the kinetics of different macrophage populations, derived by different methods of isolation and from different hosts, with respect to the elicited oxidative burst upon infection with host-adapted Salmonella serotypes.

The nature of the oxidative burst elicited by murine and avian-derived and cell line macrophages was determined after stimulation with phorbol myristate (PMA), zymosan A, and Salmonella serotypes. Both murine and chicken peritoneal macrophages, chicken blood monocytes and corresponding cell lines, J774A.1 and HD-11, were unable to produce a detectable chemiluminescent (CL) response after interaction with Salmonella using the luminescent probe luminol. However, both PMA and zymosan A induced a CL response in all cell types, with PMA eliciting a higher and earlier peak response (pkH) than zymosan A. Lucigenin-enhanced CL in both murine and chicken macrophages was achieved with PMA, zymosan A and Salmonella serotypes. In this case, zymosan A induced higher responses than PMA. In the peritoneal macrophages of both hosts, there were no significant differences in the oxidative burst induced by the different Salmonella serotypes. However, the J774A.1 (murine) cells demonstrated significant differences, with S. enterica serotype Choleraesuis (S. choleraesuis and S. gallinarum producing the highest response. In the HD-11 (chicken) cells, S. choleraesuis and S. dublin elicited the higher CL. With both cell lines, S. abortusovis failed to induce an appreciable CL response.

In these experiments it was demonstrated that oxidative burst was not detectable in monocytes/macrophage populations using luminol, which suggests a link to the lack of a myeloperoxidase system in these cells. Lucigenin-enhanced CL appeared independent from the myeloperoxidase system, indicating production of another oxidative species compared with luminol. No discernable effect of host specificity with regard to Salmonella serotype and respective host was seen in host-derived or cell line macrophages, and cell line macrophages displayed altered functional characteristics with regard to oxidative burst in comparison with their primary counterparts.     

鸡肝组织中磺胺类药物多残留分析法

建立了鸡肝组织中磺胺嘧啶、磺胺二甲基嘧啶、磺胺甲氧吡嗪、磺胺－6－甲氧嘧啶、磺胺甲恶唑、磺胺－2，6－二甲氧嘧啶和磺胺喹恶啉的多残留高效液相色谱分析法。样品经乙腈提取、正己烷液－液分配和碱性氧化铝柱固相萃取法净化后用反相高效液相色谱法测定（UV270nm）。7种磺胺类药物标准曲线的相关系数（r^2)为0．9991－1．0000（0.01μg/ml-0.5μg/ml）。在0.05mg/kg-0.5mg/kg浓度范围内，磺胺类药物的回收率为68．8％－100．0％，变异系数为1．3％－12．0％。 检测限为0．01mg/kg-0.03mg/kg，定量限低于0.05mg/kg。     

纳米蜂胶颗粒对鸡免疫功能的影响

通过专有技术制备纳米蜂胶颗粒（NPP）。在不同的pH值条件下，其颜色、透明度及形态结构均有很大变化，但是它对温度不敏感。NPP使迪卡白雏鸡血液中的T淋巴细胞比率增加极显著；使雏鸡RBC－C3bR花环率极显著增加，而使RBC－IC花环率显著降低。EEP作为佐剂能促进鸡的体液免疫，可以提高特异性抗体的滴度。     

New alleles of chicken CD8 alpha and CD3d found in Chinese native and western breeds

Chinese native chicken breeds provide useful resources for the study of genetic diversity. In this study, the alleles of CD8 alpha and CD3d cDNA from Chinese native and introduced western breeds of chicken were analyzed at the sequence level. Six alleles were found, due to 13 amino acid replacements in the extracellular domain of the CD8 alpha sequence. There were four alleles detected in the Chinese strains, and alleles 5 and 6 were identified for the first time. Allele 6 was shared by Langshan, Beijing Fatty and Recessive White Feather chickens. Allele 2, found in the Bigbone strain, was the same as that found in the Leghorn strain H.B15.H7, and allele 3 in the Xianju breed was also the same as in the Leghorn strain H.B15.H12. Two Leghorn lines (RPL line 7 and AY519197) and the Camellia possessed an allele (alleles 1, 4 and 5), respectively, that was not found in the other lines. Nine out of 13 amino acid replacements were situated in the putative major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I binding CDR1 (positions 30, 33 and 34), CDR2 (positions 58, 62, 63 and 65) and CDR3 (positions 90 and 106). Except for the Xianju breed, the CD8 alpha cDNA of Chinese native chicken breeds shared high homology. Two alleles were found in CD3d. Three additional nucleotides were found at positions 64, 65 and 66 in the newly discovered allele 2. This led to a difference of four amino acids (at residues 22, 23, 24 and 25) in the extracellular domain of CD3d cDNA from the Gushi, Recessive White Feather and ISA chickens compared with these of the White Leghorn and T11.15 (NM_205512). Five hybridoma clones (1C9, 1H5, 4B11, 6G5 and 13C5) against chicken CD8 alpha were generated by DNA immunization. Two monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), 6G5 and 4B11, showed reactivity to the splenocytes from five Chinese native chicken breeds, the Recessive White Feather chicken and the Leghorn (AY519197), while mAbs 1C9, 1H5 and 13C5 showed no reaction with these breeds.     

应用PCR方法检测鸡传染性贫血病毒

根据鸡传染性贫血病毒(CIAV)基因组序列，设计一对引物扩增基因组上nt358～nt1042之间684bp DNA片段。在CIAV感染MDCC-MSBl细胞系中提取核酸为模板可扩增出相应DNA片段，且以感染细胞核酸为模板反应敏感性可达1fg，而以其他病原核酸为模板扩增结果均为阴性。应用该PCR方法对实验感染鸡肝脏、脾脏、胸腺、肾脏、法氏囊、骨髓、白细胞、泄殖腔棉拭子等不同样品进行检测，均可扩增出相应DNA片段。证明我们建立的PCR方法敏感性特异性强，可用于临床感染不同组织CIAV的检测。     

基于网络的鸡病防治与诊断专家系统的设计

目前中国鸡病防治中存在一些暂时无法解决的难题,如基层中鸡病诊断专家缺乏、鸡病防控不及时等。基于现状,利用计算机网络技术和人工智能技术,将SQL数据库和ASP.NET技术相结合,设计并开发了基于网络的鸡病防治与诊断专家系统。该系统将鸡病诊断和鸡病防治知识进行集成,采用基于规则的模糊化的混合推理策略,实现了鸡病诊断和防治的数字化和智能化,用户可通过网络实现鸡病诊断、鸡病防治、鸡群管理、知识查询和统计分析等功能。经验证性试验和专家评测,该系统结构合理,功能完善,可以满足广大基层用户的需求,具有一定的推广应用前景。